How can I have the user upload and display an image in response to answering a question

You can add an upload field if you want your users to upload image files through the form. Please see this guide: https://www.jotform.com/help/332-How-to-Create-File-Upload-Forms

If you want the user to upload the file based on a specific response or selection, then you can create a condition to show the field: https://www.jotform.com/help/316-How-to-Show-or-Hide-Fields-Base-on-User-s-Answer

Let us know if you need more help, we will be glad to assist you.