Sydenham Field Naturalist

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Tall woodland edges; savannas; meadows Height: 2-3½' Bloom time: Late season Soil: Tolerant of most soils Wildlife Value: Supports many species of specialist bees, several moth and butterfly species and other insects.

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Tall Grass Prairie Height: Can reach up to 6’ in height. Bloom time: Mid-July to Mid-September Soil: Tolerant of most soils Wildlife Value: Excellent nectar source for bees, butterflies, hummingbirds, food for caterpillars, food for wintering birds

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Prairie and Savanna Height: 2'-4' Bloom time: August - September Soil: Tolerant of most soils, well-drained, dry to medium soils. Wildlife: Beneficial for pollinators, butterflies, birds / Hummingbirds

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Prairie and Savanna Height: 2'-4' Bloom time: August - September Soil: Tolerant of most soils, well-drained, dry to medium soils. Wildlife: Beneficial for pollinators, butterflies, birds / Hummingbirds

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Soggy Prairie Meadows, low area along waterways, woodland boarders Light: part shade to full sun Moisture: medium to wet Soil: loam Mature Height: 3 feet

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Prairie Meadow, Fringe / Wet Riparian Height: 2’-6’ Bloom time: July - September Soil: Moist Wildlife Value: Larval host plant to several Lepidoptera species including Common Buckye Butterfly, Orange Sulpher Butterfly, Long Horned Bees, Mining Bees.

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Prairie Meadow Height: Up to 5’ Bloom time: Late season Soil: Moist Wildlife Value: Pollen and Nectar producer. Supports many Lepidoptera species including Clymene moth – (Haploa clymene,) Red Admiral butterfly (Vanessa atalanta,) Sweat bees, Yellow Banded Bees (Bombus terricola)

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Prairie meadow Height: 6’ to 9’ Bloom time: August to October Soil: Moist to dry. Wildlife Value: Greatly beneficial. Provides cover for wildlife, nesting sites for birds, pollen & nectar source. Food for wintering birds. Attracts songbirds, bees, butterflies.

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Praire, Savanna, Woodland Height: 3’ Bloom time: Summer Soil: Moist Wildlife Value: Host plant for caterpillars of Black Swallowtail butterflies

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Meadow, Woodland Height: 3’ Bloom time: August to October Soil: Loam to Clay loam, dry to medium Wildlife Value: All Goldenrods are an important late season food source for bees, other insects, and migratory birds. Larval host plant for many species of Lepidoptera.

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Woodland, Prairie Height: 3’ to 5’ Bloom time: This Goldenrod first to bloom. July to August Soil: Dry to Medium Wildlife Value: Excellent pollen and nectar food source for native bees, other insects. Larval host plant for many species of Lepidoptera.

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Prairie Meadow Height: 3’to 4’ Bloom time: August to September. One of the largest Goldenrod blooms. Soil: Tolerant of most soils. Wildlife Value: All Goldenrods are an important late season food source for bees, other insects, and migratory birds. Larval host plant for many species of Lepidoptera.

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Tallgrass prairie Height: 3’ Bloom time: Summer to early fall. Soil: Wet Wildlife Value: All Goldenrods are an important late season food source for bees, other insects, and migratory birds. Larval host plant for many species of Lepidoptera.

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Prairie Meadow Height: 2’ Bloom time: Late May to Late June Soil: Sandy Loam Wildlife Value: Attracts long tongued Mason and Carpenter bees, butterflies, and Hummingbirds. Larval host for the Baltimore checkerspot butterfly, American Copper Butterfly, Blinded Sphinx Moth.

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Prairie Meadow Height: 4-6’ Bloom time: Late July to September Soil: Sand, loam, clay Wildlife Value: Pollinators, Butterflies, Birds, and Deer Resistant

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Prairie Meadow, Wet meadows, edges of lakes and streams Height: 2’ to 6.5’ Bloom time: July to September Soil: Moist Wildlife Value: Pollen & Nectar produce for bees, butterflies and Hummingbirds. Food source for many species of Lepidoptera.

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Prairie Meadow Height: 2’ Bloom time: May to July Soil: Well drained soil Wildlife Value: Spring food source for pollinators

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Wet areas Height: 3’ to 4’ tall Bloom time: July to August Soil: Medium to Wet Wildlife Value: Larval host plant for the Monarch butterfly

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Open woods, bluffs Height: 1’ to 1.5’ Bloom time: June to August Soil: Sand, loam, clay Wildlife Value: Pollen/nectar producer, food source for mammals, larval host for caterpillars.

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Dry forests, glades Height: 2’ Bloom time: June to August Soil: Moist to dry, sandy, gravelly soil. Wildlife Value: Nectar and pollen source. Eastern Goldfinch and Mourning Dove eat the seeds. Host plant for caterpillars of Pearly Wood Nymph, Primrose Moth. Halictid bee, Lasioglossum oenotherae, is a specialist pollinator of the Sundrop.

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Prairie Meadow Height: Up to 5’ Bloom time: Late season Soil: Moist Wildlife Value: Pollen and Nectar producer. Supports many Lepidoptera species including Clymene moth – (Haploa clymene,) Red Admiral butterfly (Vanessa atalanta,) Sweat bees, Yellow Banded Bees (Bombus terricola)

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Prairie Height: 3’ to 8’ Bloom time: July to September Soil: Tolerates many soil types Wildlife Value: Provides food for birds. Pollen and nectar for bees and butterflies.

Prairie and Sun Habitat: Prairies, thickets, fens. Height: 1’ to 3’ Bloom time: July to September Soil: Tolerates most soils. Wildlife Value: Cover for wildlife. Pollen and nectar producer.

Woodland Habitat: Woodland Height: 11” to 23” Bloom time: Spring Soil: Dry to medium moist. Sand to loam. Excellent ground cover. Full sun to full shade. Lovely groundcover. Wildlife Value: Early pollen and nectar source.

Woodland Habitat: Woodland Height: 6” Bloom time: April thru May Soil: Medium moist. Sandy loam. Lovely groundcover.

Moist (Rain Garden Specialties) Habitat: Wet areas Height: 11” to 31” Bloom time: Summer Soil: Medium to wet. Loam, organic Wildlife Value: Attracts hummingbirds

Moist (Rain Garden Specialties) Habitat: Wet areas, swamps, marshes. Height: 1’ to 2’ Bloom time: Spring Soil: Rich soil that’s damp to submerged Wildlife Value: Early pollen/nectar producer.

Moist (Rain Garden Specialties) Habitat: Woodland Height: 12” to 18” Bloom time: May-June Soil: Rich, moist soil.

Moist (Rain Garden Specialties) Habitat: Woodland Height: 2' to 4' Bloom time: March to May Soil: Rich, moist soil.

Moist (Rain Garden Specialties) Habitat: Woodland edges, moist fields Height: 2–3' tall Bloom time: July to September Soil: Perfers Moist soil. that is pH neutral Sun/part shade. Wildlife Value: Attracts Hummingbirds Butterflies and repels deer

Moist (Rain Garden Specialties) Habitat: Wetlands Height: 7’ Bloom time: July to October Soil: Wet, medium wet Wildlife Value: Pollen and nectar source for bees and butterflies. Seed heads provide food for birds.

Grasses Habitat: Open woods, prairies, meadows. Height: 6’ to 8 ‘ Bloom time: July to September Soil: Dry to medium; sandy loam Wildlife Value: Cover for wildlife, nesting sites for birds, winter food source for birds, larval host plant for many Lepidoptera species.

Grasses Habitat: Woodland edges Height: Up to 5’ Bloom time: Spring to summer Soil: Dry to moist soil Wildlife Value: Cover for wildlife, nesting site for birds. Winter food source for birds.

Grasses: Habitat: Fields and open areas Height: 61½ Bloom time: July Soil: Sandy loam; clay loam Wildlife Value: Cover for wildlife, nesting site for birds, winter food source for birds.

Grasses Habitat: Prairie, open areas Height: 5’ Bloom time: July and August Soil: Tolerant of many soils. Wildlife Value: Moth host plant. Cover for wildlife.

Versatile Ground Cover Habitat: Open forests, pastures, meadows, roadsides, grows well on gentle slopes Height: 3-5" Bloom time: May to August Soil: Tolerant of many soils. Sun and Shade Wildlife Value: Attracts butterflies and moths

Versatile Ground Cover Habitat: Open forests, pastures, meadows, roadsides, grows well on gentle slopes Height: 1-2' tall (flowers stocks) Bloom time: May to August Soil: Tolerant of many soils. Sun and Shade Wildlife Value: Attracts pollinators, Butterflies and moths.

Trees Habitat: Upland Short Story Tree Height: 20’ to 30’ Bloom time: April to May Soil: Grow in Shade. Slightly acidic soil. Wind pollinated. Low tolerance for salt. Wildlife Value: Supports over 50 species of Lepidoptera which is an excellent food source for breeding birds (caterpillars.) Cooper’s Hawk and Eastern Kingbird like to nest in this tree. Beneficial to lower canopy bird insectivores and lower canopy bird grainivores.

Trees Habitat: Upland Height: 20’ to 30’ Bloom time: April to May Soil: Grow in partial shade / shade. Low salt tolerance. Tolerates most soils. Wildlife Value: . Supports over 80 species of Lepidoptera which is an excellent food source for breeding birds (caterpillars.) Food source for aerial, bark insectivores, lower canopy insectivores and lower canopy grainivores.

Trees Habitat: Flood plains; wood edges Height: Up to 82’ Bloom time: May to June Soil: Moist, rich soil. Shade intolerant. Wildlife Value: Nesting site for birds; Nectar / pollen source; larval host for Lepidoptera.

Trees Habitat: Flood plains; wood edges Height: Up to 82’ Bloom time: May to June Soil: Moist, rich soil. Shade intolerant. Wildlife Value: Nesting site for birds; Nectar / pollen source; larval host for Lepidoptera.

Trees Habitat: Upland Height: 90’ to 120’ Bloom time: April Soil: Sandy loam; clay. Low tolerance to salt. Wildlife Value: Nectar source. Supports over 250 species of Lepidoptera which is an excellent food source for breeding birds (caterpillars.)

Trees Habitat: Upland Height: 60’ to 80’ Bloom time: April - May Soil: Sandy loam; slightly acidic. Grow in full sun. High tolerance to salt. Wildlife Value: Supports over 480 species of Lepidoptera which is an excellent food source for breeding birds (caterpillars) including Red-spotted Purple, Juvenal’s Duskywing, and Coral Hairstreak. Orchard Oriole and Wood Duck like to nest in this tree. Rose-breasted Grosbeak and Great Crested Flycatcher use this tree for food. Beneficial to bird arial insectivores, bark insectivores, upper canopy insectivores and upper canopy grainivores.

Trees Habitat: Upland Height: 80’ to 100’ Bloom time: April to May Soil: Tolerates most soils. Sun/Shade Wildlife Value: Supports over 480 species of Lepidoptera which is an excellent food source for breeding birds (caterpillars) including Edward’s Hairstreak, Striped Hairstreak, Red-spotted Purple butterfly. The Warbling Vireo and Eastern Wood-Pewee like to nest in this tree. Beneficial to bird arial insectivores, bark insectivores, upper canopy insectivores and upper canopy grainivores.

Trees Habitat: Young Forests Height: Up to 114’ Bloom time: Summer Soil: Rich and moist soil. Full sun. Wildlife Value: Larval host for the large Eastern Tiger Swallowtail butterfly and over 25 other species of Lepidoptera. Provides cover for wildlife; nesting site; pollen and nectar food source for bees and butterflies, moths; food for birds; food for small mammals.

Trees Habitat: Young Forests Height: Up to 114’ Bloom time: Summer Soil: Rich and moist soil. Full sun. Wildlife Value: Larval host for the large Eastern Tiger Swallowtail butterfly and over 25 other species of Lepidoptera. Provides cover for wildlife; nesting site; pollen and nectar food source for bees and butterflies, moths; food for birds; food for small mammals.