Passage 8: Headaches
Eveyone has experienced headaches, but only have medical researchers begun to to learn more specifically about the causes and possible treatment for different types of headache pain.
The most common type of headache is the simple tension headache. Tension headhaches are usually mild and short-lasting and can result from various factors, such as stress caused by worry or noise. Tension headaches are caused by a tighening of the neck or back muscles, wich slows the flow of blood and, therefore, oxygen to the brain. It is the lack of oxygen that causes the pain. Most headaches can be relieved by taking a mild analgesic such as aspirin. Analgesics expand the blod vessels and restore the normal flow of blood and oxygen to the brain.
A more seious type of headache is migraine. Migraine headaches are often extremely painful and can last for hours or days. Like tension headacahes, they can be the result of different factors, including stress, hormonal changes, and allergies. Unlike tension headaches, however, they are caused by an abnormal expansion or swelling (rather than a contraction) of the blood vessels within the head. Medicines that shrink swollen blood vessels can be used to treat migraine heaches.
A tiny minority of headaches can be linked to severe physical problems such as head injury or brain tumors. For these types of headaches, there are medicines to treat the symptoms, but there is no cure unless the underlying pronlem is removed.